Dr. Johnson C. Philip
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| Gilgamesh Epic | C 1700 B.C. Some versions were circulated as early as 2100 B.C. | Akkadian | Gilgamesh, the ruler of Uruk, has many adventures and meets Utnapishtim, the only survivor of the great flood. Helps the study of the Biblical record of Flood |
| Enuma Elish | C 1200 B.C. | Akkadian | A story written on seven stone tablets which tells of the Babylonian god Marduk and how the world was created. Helps the study of the Biblical account of Creation |
| Code of Hammurabi | C 1750 B.C. | Akkadian | A listing of laws for the people of the kingdom of Babylonia. It has many laws similar to the Law of Moses in the Bible. Moses lived about 400 years after Hammurabi |
| Ras-Shamra Tablets | C 1450 B.C. | Ugaritic | Tells of the adventures of Canaanite gods and rulers which helps biblical scholars to better understand Canaanite religion and Old Testament poetry |
| Amarna Letters | C 1350 B.C. | Canaanite Akkadian | Hundreds of letters written by Canaanite scribes give information about political , social, and religious relationships between Canaan and Egypt during the rule of Egyptian Pharaohs, Amenhotep III and Akhenaton |
| Merneptah Stele | C 1210 B.C. | Egyptian | Also known as the “Israel Stele,” it describes the victory of Egyptian king Merneptah over peoples from the west, including “Israel.” Shows that by this time a people known as “Israel” existed in Canaan |
| Gezer Calendar | C 925 B.C. | Hebrew | A student from Israel (northern kingdom) describes the seasons, the crops, and the yearly farm work done in Israel |
| Moabite Stone | C 850 B.C. | Moabite | Describes how Mesha, king of Moab, rebelled against one of the kings of Israel from King Omri’s line (parallel to 2 Kings 3:4) |
| Clay Prism of Sennacherib | C 690 B.C. | Akkadian | The Annals of Sennacherib describe how Sennacherib of Assyria surrounded Jerusalem and made King Hezekiah of Judah a prisoner in his own city |
| Lachish Letters | C 590 B.C. | Hebrew | Writings on pottery fragments tell about the difficult days in Jerusalem before the Babylonians surrounded the city |
| Cyrus Cylinder | C 539 B.C. | Akkadian | Describes how King Cyrus of Persia defeated the Babylonians, tells of his policies toward the peoples he ruled, and describes their gods |
| Dead Sea Scrolls | From 250 BC to 70 AD | Hebrew Aramaic Greek | Hundreds of scrolls and scroll fragments, including the oldest existing copies of Old Testament books and passages. Some documents describe the religious community, possibly Essenes, who wrote and collected these documents |
Sources: American Bible Society
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Dr. Johnson C. Philip, PhD[Physics], ThD[Apologetics], DSc[Medicine] is the founder and director of the Creation Research And Apologetics Society of India. He is the author Of more than 50 books and 2500 articles. Articles authored by him can be reproduced for non-profit purposes, provided you obtain prior permission to do so. This article copyrighted © 2004 by Anand Philip |
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